Michael, who is quite familiar with birds, sees an airplane for the first time and calls it a “bird.” Jean Piaget, Michael is exhibiting:
a.Conservation
b.Accommodation
c.Reciprocal determinism
d.Assimilation
2 The period of the zygote lasts about _____, beginning with _____.
a.3 months; fertilization
b.2 weeks; fertilization
c.2 weeks; implantation
d.3 months; implantation
3. According to ecological systems theory, the behaviors of each family member affect those of othrs. This represents the concept of _____ influences.
a.Bidirectional
b.Learned
c.Predetermined
d.Universal
4 Which of the following terms represent ideas by Piaget
a.Schemes
b.Assimilation
c.All of the above
d.Accommodation
5 Theories who believe the child to be a passive reactor to the environment are called:
a.Naturalistic
b.Mechanistic
c.Dynamic
d.Organismic
6 (3 points) The period of the embryo last from the ____ week through the _____ week of pregnancy
a.third; tenth
b.first; third
c.second; eight
d.fourth; twelfth
7 (3 points) ______ is the process by which the DNA ladder splits down the middle, replicating itself when each base pairs up with a new mate from the cytoplasm of the cell
a.Natural selection
b.Meiosis
c.Crossing over
d.Mitosis
8 (3 points) Which of the following terms are not characteristic of information processing theory?
Memory
Menarche
Attention
Thinking
9 (3 points) ______ represents the union between the sperm and the egg
scheme
zygote
teratogens
none of the above
10 (3 points) _____ are developmental characteristics that one can directly observe
Latents
None of the above
Phenotype
Genotype
11 (3 points) Which items represent mental strategies noted in information processing theory?
Elaboration
All of the above
Rehearsal
Organization
12 (3 points) Most babies born to mothers who used cocaine regularly during pregnancy
Came into the world drug addicted
Have abnormally low pitched and dull cries
Are extremely placid and calm
Survived only a few days
13 (3 points) Wanda, who is pregnant, lives in an old apartment building where multiple layers of paint are flaking off the walls. To protect her baby, Wanda should have the paint tested for
Mercury
Lead
Phosphorous
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)
14 (3 points) Qualitative changes involve
None of the above
Both
Amount
Type or kind
15 (3 points) Which of the following stages relate to Freud
Oral, Anal
None of the above
trust vs mistrust, Autonomy vs shame
Sensorimotor, Preoperational
16 (3 points) Amniotic fluid
Produces blood cells until the developing liver, spleen, and bone marrow are mature enough to take over this function
Separates the mother’s bloodstream from the embryo or fetal bloodstream
Provides a protective cover and nourishment to the prenatal organism
Helps keep the temperature constant
17 (3 points) In Erikson’s model, what is critical in promoting healthy personality developmental?
Sex
Tabula Rasa
Crisis
Cognitive
18 (3 points) Teenage mothers are at greater risk than older mothers for prenatal complications because
The risky behavior of many teenagers causes chromosomal abnormalities in their babies
Most teenagers reproductive organs are not yet mature enough to support a pregnancy
Many pregnant teenager do not receive adequate prenatal care
The egg cells or ovum of teenagers are not yet mature enough to successfully unite with the father’s sperm cells
19 (3 points) Which of the following represent Piaget’s stages
Oral, anal phallic, latency, genital
Trust, autonomy, initiative, industry, identity
Id, ego, superego
sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational
20 (3 points) Which of the following statements represent what is generally believed by social scientists?
People help shape their own development
Humans are resilient
All of the above
Knowledge is useful
21 (3 points) Autosomes
Are the 22 matching chromosome pairs in each human cell
Are the 23rd pair of chromosomes
Determine the sex of the child
Contain the sex chromosomes
23 (3 points) Chromosomes
Store and transmit genetic information
Always come in XY pairs
Are inherited from the mother only
Are located outside of the cell nucleus
24 (3 points) In which Piagetian stage of development do infants “think” by acting on the world with their eyes, ears, and hands?
Operational
Sensorimotor
Preoperational
Preformal
25 (3 points) Which of the following represents Freud’s contribution to human development?
All behavior is motivated by unconscious dynamics
Sexuality is a major motivating force in human behavior
Industry vs Inferiority
Errors and other unintended behaviors have symbolic meanings
26 (3 points) Your friend is a healthy woman over the age of 35 who is thinking of having her first child. You can tell her that
She is more likely than a woman in her twenties to have a baby born with chromosomal defects
She is likely to have more prenatal complications than a woman in her twenties
She is likely to have a longer and more difficult labor than younger women
Her baby is more likely than a younger woman’s baby to be low birth weight
27 (3 points) The most well-known effect of smoking during the prenatal period is
Childhood lung cancer
respiratory distress
low birth weight
allergies
28 (3 points) An expectant mother who ensures that her meat is well cooked and has other family members change the cat’s litter box is trying to avoid
rubella
cytomegalovirus
polychlorinated biphenyls
toxoplasmosis
29 (3 points) _____ refers to a limited time span during which a part of the body or a behavior is biologically prepared to develop rapidly and is especially sensitive to its surroundings
range of reaction
a sensitive period
canalization
the age of viability
30 (3 points) A ______ refers to any environmental agent that causes damage during the prenatal period
Pollutant
Chemical hazard
Toxin
Teratogen
31 (3 points) According to Erikson, a combination of adult expectations and children’s drive towards mastery creates what stage of development?
Initiative vs. Guilt
Autonomy vs. Shame/Doubt
Trust vs. Mistrust
Industry vs. Inferiority
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